Water soluble composition



uiiuoo iinruicwu; search Room 3 5 6 Patented Aug. 24, 1937 2,090,909

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,090,909 WATER SOLUBLE COMPOSITION Ivor M. Colbeth, East Orange, N. 1., assignor to The Baker Castor Oil Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application June I, 1933 Serial No. 674,693

a Claims. (01. 252-6) This invention relates to the production of a. manner already known in this art. The amount water soluble composition from non-mineral ofls of oxidation required will depend upon the parthat is useful for many purposes, such as emulsiticular oil that is started with and to some extent fying agents, wetting out agents, mordanting upon the use to which the composition is to be 5 agents, etc. put and can be readily ascertained by trial. The 5 Heretofore sulfonated oils, Turkey red oils, and amount of riclnoleic acid to be added also tie--v other soluble ofls have been prepared by treating pends upon what sort of oil is oxidized and the vegetable oils, such as castor, corn, olive, rape use to which the composition is to be put. v seed, cocoanut, etc., with sulfuric acid and then It has been found for example that when castor 1o washing the product tofree it from sulfuric acid, o i u d e starting mater it may be and neutralizing it with an alkali. The resulting blown or oxidized until its iodine number is product usually contained free fatty acids, anabout 50 or 60 and it is then suitable for'makin'g hydrides, lactones, polymerized acids, glycerides the composition. About 5% to 50% byv volume of' hmofhdifferentnegreeseohsaturationandreconsider rioinoleic acid may be ded and weli'mixed with i l5 able amount of sulfonic' acids, These sulfonic the oxidized" oil. The free acids in the composiacids are soluble in water, acids and alkalis, but ion are then neutralized with an alkali such as constitute only a small percentage of the'sulfo-'- caustic Soda. ca P ehh m hY-n nated oils. Such sulfonated" oils have been used, droxide, triethanolamine, etc. whe'njno inor f in the arts for'difierent purposes. ganic materials are used'for neutralization the v. a

m However, such sulfonated oils are not entirely fin l pr uct is an Or P odu tv satisfactory as they possess certain properties The com osi i eso beda'bo've a e that are detrimental and prevent successful use bee found to be very. flfl o fi ent n p s of them unless certain precautions are observed in the form of emulsions,- colloidal suspcnsonsor in their use. The combined sulfuric acid some- $91ut10n5- The Percentage Of ri'cinoleic acid times becomes hydrolyzed, especially in the pres- Present s u ed to V y fic o de ee-with difence of sodium chloride, thus setting sulfuric fereht es t he made of the compositioni acid free which will destroy fiber when the oil is About to 50% 0 ye e may. be di -r. used for wetting out or mordanting purposes. Solved in the C D h. depending 1113011: the, Also, due to the fact that some of the fatty acids emeunt 0f 11611101810 acid that fldf n added, j 1

30 present are unsaturated, these oils become oxls re d the eempesltleh p y' p 3o dized with theconsequent formation of products b for softening p t y. mo d e a etc-w which have an objectionable odor. These and Permanent SOftheSslS desired- I other troubles are often magnified due to the Due to the face that the oil used in the com employment of cheap vegetable oils to be SitiOn was oxidized before was used in'm neated or resort to other expedients for the sake ofp the composition the p hot b economy. come oxidized or turn rancid when it is used in By the present invention oils are rendered Practice e 011 8 enough hi Weight-during water soluble in a very rapid and economical way exidizatien o D y the 0 0! e p. h s av I:

and at the same time the danger arising from acid ing costs compared to Prior sillfonation steps-v Y 40 hydrolysis is obviated and rancidity due to oxida- Further economy y e fi d since s t sif 40 tion does not occur. tory compositions of this sort can be made by In carrying out this invention water soluble Starting w 0115 per than castor oil. compositions are produced by oxidizing castor The following are given 85 ep e e p e 0 oil 'or other oils such as rape seed, cotton seed, carrying out e P but it is to be nderstood- 5 com, olive, cocoanut, soya bean, fish oil, etc. I that the invention is not restricted to t e pa until they contain amounts of fatty acids, anhytleulal alkali Percentages oned.

drides, lactones and polymerized fatty a id om- Light-colored castor oil that has been oxiparable or approximately equal to those found in dized by blowing air through it at an elevated sulfonated oils heretofore obtained. After the p tu e u l its viscosity is about 350 secso desired amount of oxidation has taken place a onds Engler at 100 C. is mixed with 30% by summent amount of ricinoleic acid is added to volume of ricinoleic acid and the mixture is neumake the resulting composition soluble in water trali'zed with a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide when neutralized with alkalies. solution. The resulting composition may be used The oxidation step can be carried out by heatas a wetting out agent, as an alizarin assistant,

ing the oil and blowing air therethrough in the or in the preparation of mordahts, etc. 55'

Or light-colored blown castor oil, described above, is mixed with 15% by weight of ricinoleic acid and a sufficient amount of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is added to neutralize one-third of the free acids present in the mixture. The resultant composition is an excellent lubricant or can be emulsified with water and used for treating textiles.

I claim:

1. A composition comprising a saponiflable oil in the group consisting of vegetable, animal and fish oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would occur by heating it and blowing air through it, and ricinoleic acid to the extent of about 5% to by volume of said oil in addition to the ricinoleic acid originally present in the oil.

2. A composition comprising a saponifiable vegetable oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would occur, by heating it and blowing air through it, and ricinoleic acid to the extent of about 5% to 50% by volume of said oil in addition to the ricinoleic acid originally present in the oil.

3. A composition comprising a saponifiable castor oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would occur, by heating it and blowing air through it, and ricinoleic acid to the extent of about 5% to 50% by volume of said oil in addition to the ricinoleic acid originally present in the oil.

4. A composition comprising a saponiflable castor oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would occur, by heating it and blowing air through it until its viscosity is about 350 sec. Engler at C. and ricinoleic acid to the extent of about 5% to 50% by volume of said oil in addition to the ricinoleic acid originally present in the oil.

5. A composition comprising a saponifiable oil in the group consisting of vegetable, animal and fish oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would occur, by heating it and blowing air through it, and a. ricinoleate to the extent of about 5% to 50% by volume of said oil in addition to the ricinoleate resulting from ricinoleic acid originally present in the oil.

6. A composition comprising glycerine, a saponifiable oil in the group consisting of vegetable,

animal and fish oil, which has been oxidized beyond the point where subsequent rancidity would IVOR M. COLBETH. 

